Language of Identity, Language of Access

Michelle Benegas, Ph.D., is an associate professor of TESOL at Hamline University in Saint Paul, Minnesota. A former secondary English Language (EL) teacher, her career began in a newcomer high school. She now prepares English language teachers, as well as general education teachers, to meet the needs of linguistically diverse students. She is co-author of Teacher Leadership for School-Wide English Learning (2020, TESOL Press), and co-creator of the School Wide English Learning (SWEL) Professional Development Series for TESOL Education. Benegas has prepared over 600 EL teacher leaders across the country. Her scholarly interests include EL teacher leadership, teacher leader identity, systemic approaches to improving EL services, and etymology. Michelle Benegas works with educators! Learn more at benegasconsulting.com/ Natalia Benjamin, EdS is the Director of Multilingual Learning for Rochester Public Schools and prior to that, she taught high school Ethnic Studies and Multilingual Learners in Rochester, MN. She is dually licensed in K-12 ESL and reading and holds a master's degree in Language Acquisition and Teaching. She advocates for multilingual and multicultural education and is part of the Facing Inequities and Racism in Education - Racial Equity Advocates (FIRE-REA) program. She is also a trainer in Cultural Competency for Education Minnesota. She has been a member of several organizations that support teachers and students: Education Minnesota League of Latinx Educators, Employees of Color Resource Group and Rochester Education Association for her district, and the Women Issues Committee for the National Education Association. She is passionate about the liberation of marginalized students and works on important issues such as identity work, Heritage Speakers, and humanizing pedagogies in education. She is an active member of MinneTESOL and TESOL, and was named Minnesota Teacher of the Year in August, 2021. She has presented at the MELED conference in Minnesota, WITESOL conference, the WIDA conference and the MCTLC conference in Minnesota. She also works with districts nationwide to provide professional development and keynotes on multilingual learning topics.

Dedication Acknowledgements Preface How to Use This Book A Note on Terminology Part A: A Liberatory Approach to Language and Literacy in the Classroom Chapter 1: It's Time to Do Better - Moving beyond binary thinking about language in the classroom Embracing Our Polarized Commitments: Finding Middle Ground Positioning LILA: Challenging a Few of the "Fundamentals" Language Teaching and Learning "Additive" Approaches to Language Instruction Code-Switching Use of the Term "Academic Language" The "Haley's Comet Effect" in Education Part B: Language of Identity: Practical Applications of Theory Chapter 2: Foundations in the Language of Identity and Criticality Language of Identity and Criticality Using Foundational Theoretical and Conceptual Frameworks Culturally Responsive Pedagogies: Identity and Criticality Historically Responsive Literacy Translanguaging Raciolinguistic Ideologies Community Cultural Wealth Windows, Mirrors, and Sliding Glass Doors Background on Language Domains Chapter 3: Building the Language of Identity: Practical Applications of the Theory of Translanguaging What is Translanguaging? Using Mentor Texts Chapter 4: Building the Language of Identity and Criticality: Practical Applications of Community Cultural Wealth What is Communtity Cultural Wealth? Chapter 5: Building the Language of Identity and Criticality: Practical Applications of Language Orientations What are Language Orientations? Orientations as a Text Analysis Tool Part C: Language of Access: Practical Applications of Theory Chapter 6: Foundations in the Language of Access Functionalism and the Levels of Language Planning for Functional Language Instruction through Noticing Noticing at the Word Level: Phonology Forecasting Text Word-Level Text Scanning Sentence-Level Text Scanning. Discourse-Level Text Scanning. Avoiding Unintentional Language Assessment Designing Targeted Language Assessments Chapter 7: Building the Language of Access: Practical Applications for Teaching Word-Level Language Morphology Word-Level Access Language Objective (ALO) Guide Chapter 8: Building the Language of Access: Practical Applications for Teaching Sentence-Level Language Sentence-Level Access Language Objectives Chapter 9: Building the Language of Access: Practical Applications for Teaching Discourse-Level Language Discourse-Level Access Language Objectives Part D: LILA: Putting it all Together Chapter 10: Planning for LILA in the classroom Classroom Inventory: Language of Identity and Criticality Classroom Inventory: Language of Access LILA School-Wide Inventory

"There is an emerging trend to challenge current language learning settings and to dismantle linguistic supremacy, but there is a lack of clear, accessible translation of these ideas into meaningful, teacher-friendly resources. This book accomplishes just that!" -- Andrea Honigsfeld "It is refreshing that Benegas and Benjamin build on the construct of academic language as an entree to the power and social capital of English rather than dismiss these tenets of language education outright. The newer ideologies posed here that are associated with language as a window to access and language as a portal to identity allow us to envision firsthand the evolution of our thinking on what constitutes linguistic and cultural sustainability and its expansion for multilingual learners in schools today." -- Margo Gottlieb "This is a must read for anyone who is committed to empowering multilingual students, validating their native language, and learning how to take an Anti-Oppressive Approach to Language in the classroom. Our students' native language must be as advantage!" -- Jennifer Dickerson "As an educator, I have seen the disconnect between teachers and students in regards to language barriers. From how students either struggle transitioning from their home language to language that is more acceptable in the formal school setting. LILA sheds light on what language of identity, language of access practices that exist in our world today with our EL and ML populations." -- Amanda Austin "This book will provide teachers and school administrators with a current understanding of how language may provide a barrier for student learning and growth, and how it can be used for positive outcomes, and inclusivity. LILA moves the needle to help teachers understand language use and acceptance of home languages of their students. It is about time!" -- Dr. Laura Metcalfe "This is a timely book with wonderful connection of literacy development and equity. The practical examples and templates bridge theory into professional practice and provide a much needed start for teachers." -- Louis Lim, Ed.D. "The politics of language and identity are becoming more topical, and it is reaffirming the realization that language and cultural identity are one intertwined package. This book drives forward two, topical, social justice issues- the language of identity, and the language of access, and the message is supported by decades of proven teaching resources. This book is a teacher's delight, and it demonstrates the Practical Application of Theory (PAT) for teachers who want to make a difference in their students' lives. And, importantly, it has international application." -- Dr Neil MacNeill PhD, EdD, FACEL "The book is a necessary work to support ML teachers and students. It provides a clear, reasoned guidance that supports not only bilingual teachers, but general education teachers as well." -- Catherine Sosnowski