This is Book 6 of 7 in the Ethnographer's Toolkit, Second Edition. Ethics in Ethnography explores the burgeoning field of research ethics and addresses how both formal and informal ethical considerations underpin good ethnographic research. Coming from the position that no particular research design is more or less prone to generate ethical issues, LeCompte and Schensul open this volume with a short history of formal oversight for human research and address the formal ethical responsibilities incumbent upon researchers. Next, they consider how informal or "everyday" ethics affect researchers' daily interactions in the field. In recognition of the shift toward team-based field research, the authors pay special attention to ethics related to collaborative research. The book concludes with an examination of new challenges and issues ranging from new field realities to the ethics of interpreting research results. As with all books in the series, this title features case studies, checklists, key points to remember, and additional resources to consult; the result is a uniquely detailed and eminently useful introduction to the ethical conduct of ethnography. Other books in the set: Book 1: Designing and Conducting Ethnographic Research: An Introduction, Second Edition by Margaret D. LeCompte and Jean J. Schensul 9780759118690 Book 2: Initiating Ethnographic Research: A Mixed Methods Approach by Stephen L. Schensul, Jean J. Schensul, and Margaret D. LeCompte 9780759122017 Book 3: Essential Ethnographic Methods: A Mixed Methods Approach, Second Edition by Jean J. Schensul and Margaret D. LeCompte 9780759122031 Book 4: Specialized Ethnographic Methods: A Mixed Methods Approach edited by Jean J. Schensul and Margaret D. LeCompte 9780759122055 Book 5: Analysis and Interpretation of Ethnographic Data: A Mixed Methods Approach, Second Edition by Margaret D. LeCompte and Jean J. Schensul 9780759122079 Book 7: Ethnography in Action: A Mixed Methods Approach by Jean J. Schensul and Margaret D. LeCompte 9780759122116
List of Examples Introduction to the Ethnographer's Toolkit 1-Ethics and Ethnography Introduction What Are Ethics? What Are Research Ethics? Ethics in Social Science Research What Is a Human Subject? Ethics and Epistemology: Do Ethnographers Face Greater Ethical Challenges Than Other Types of Researchers? Confronting the Stereotype of Scientific Neutrality Formal Research Ethics and Everyday Research Ethics Summary 2-The Evolution of Formal Concerns about and Ethical Principles Governing Human Research The Origins of Formal Oversight Medical Research and Risk to Human Subjects Social Science Research and Risks to Human Subjects Disciplinary Codes of Ethics and the Problems of Enforcement The Belmont Report 1978 The Belmont Principles Summary 3-Formal and Semiformal Responsibilities Introduction Semiformal Responsibilities Formal Contractual Responsibilities When Is IRB or IEC Approval Necessary? Issues of Particular Concern to IRBs and IECs Levels of Review Components of an IRB Proposal The Power of Institutional Review Boards and Institutional Ethics Committees Coping with Multiple IRBs Summary 4-Informal Ethics: The Implications of Researcher Roles and Characteristics Introduction The Embedded Contexts and Multiple Roles of Ethnographic Work Being a Learner Creating a Field Identity Coping with Relationships in the Field: Personal Characteristics, Asymmetrical Relationships, and Positionality Personal Friendships in the Field Summary 5-Informal Ethics: Long-Term Relationships and Reasonable Responsibilities Introduction: Feasible and Possible Responsibilities Coping with Associations in the Field: Affiliations and Sponsorships Maintaining Good Relationships Coresearchers and Research Partners Negotiating an Exit and Leaving the Field Reciprocity and Feedback Dissemination and Disposition of Data Assuring Program Continuation Summary 6-Ethical Issues in Ethnographic Teamwork and Community-Based Research Introduction Ethical Considerations in Intrateam Interactions Ethical Considerations in Team Interaction with Study Communities/Sites and Participants Protecting the Study Community Summary 7- Going Beyond Belmont: New Issues and Challenges Introduction Challenges to IRB "Surveillance" and Control Contesting Western Epistemological and Ontological Hegemony Redefining Key Terms in the Twenty-First Century Obtaining Consent Exposure to Risks and New Forms of Vulnerability Technology and Retrievability of Information Ethics and the Consequences of Interpretation Summary 8-The Role of Reflection in Ethnographic Research Introduction: What Is Reflection? Identifying Subjectivities Positionality and Power The Risks of the "Other" Taking Stock Summary Appendix A: IRB Proposals Appendix B: Consent Forms and Assent Forms References Index About the Authors
