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Montesinos' Legacy

Defining and Defending Human Rights for Five Hundred Years
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Montesinos' Legacy brings scholars together in honor of the 500th anniversary of Dominican Antonio de Montesinos' famous sermon in defense of the rights of the indigenous Amerindians. The collection addresses the historical context for this sermon, but also the continued relevance of Montesinos today. Montesinos' Legacy examines the origins of human rights concepts in the West, the rights of indigenous peoples, the role of the Church in human rights, and human rights in Latin America.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Foreword: A Conference and a Celebration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Edward C. Lorenz Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Dana E. Aspinall I. The Origins of Human Rights in Europe, Africa, and America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 The Foundation of Human Rights in Natural Universals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Ambrose Mary Little, O.P. Vox legis in Bartolome de Las Casas' Brevisima relacion de la destruicion de las Indias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Appropriateness of Juridical Approach to the Brevisima . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Practical, Theoretical, and Analytical Juridical Approach in the Brevisima . . . . . . . . . 000 Structure of the Tract. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Epistemological Rationale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Analytic Framework: Divine, Natural, Human Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Divine Law. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Natural Law. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Natural Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Human Law. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Justice, Equity, and Conscience: The Basis for Las Casas' Ethical-Juridical Judgments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Justice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Equity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Conscience. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 A Voice on Behalf of the Suffering Voiceless of the New World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 David Orique, O.P. Colonial Hispaniola: Fray Antonio de Montesinos and Spanish Women's Human Rights (1498-1549) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Lissette Acosta Corniel Practice Makes Prejudice: Why the Conquistadors Did Not Acknowledge Human Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Ezra Sullivan, O.P. Would the Protected Please Stand Up? Historical Ambiguity in the Distinction Principle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 The Distinction Principle in European Jurisprudence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 The Distinction Principle in Islamic Jurisprudence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 The Distinction Principle in African Jurisprudence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Betcy Jose II. Indigenous Peoples and Human Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Indian Tribes and the Conundrum of Individual and Collective Rights in the United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Communal Reserves and Rights. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Community Challenged. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Indians and the Conundrum of American Rights. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Daniel R. Mandell Human Rights in Third Place: The Green Economy, Environmentalism, and Social Justice in the Brazilian Amazon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Development Priorities and the Brazilian Amazon: 1966-1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Sustainable Development Takes Hold: 1990-2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 The Amazon's "Green Development": 2005-Present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Brazil's Record: Human Rights in Third Place. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Eve Z. Bratman Thai Citizenship: An Issue of Imagined Communities and Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Chelsea Clark III. The Role of the Church in Human Rights Today . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 The Catholic Church and Human Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 The Tension between Personal and Collective Rights. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Religious Liberty and the Right to Proselytize. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Gregory Baum Antonio de Montesinos: Preaching Prophetically in Our Context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 A Case Study of Injustice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Holy Preaching. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Lessons for Today. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Vincent J. Pastro IV. Human Rights in Latin America Today. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Aligning the Mexican Constitution with Its International Human Rights Treaty Obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Pablo Adrian Arrocha Olabuenaga Partial Truths: The Government and NGOs in the Construction of Memory about Mexico's Dirty War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Kenneth F. Maffitt The United Nations and the Origin of Cholera in Haiti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Rishi Rattan and Kevin Edmonds MINUSTAH and the Tragic Consequences of Peacekeeping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Flawed Justification for a Continuation of MINUSTAH's Mandate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Human Rights Record. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Post-Earthquake Human Rights Record. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Stabilization or Occupation? Geopolitical Influence within MINUSTAH. . . . . . . . . . . 000 Addressing the Roots of Insecurity in Haiti. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Rishi Rattan and Kevin Edmonds V. Governmental Public Policies, Non-Governmental Agencies, and Human Rights in Theory and Practice Today. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 The Co-Originality of Public and Private Autonomy: Empirical or Theoretical . . . . . . . . . 000 Discourse Ethics and Law. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 The Co-Originality Thesis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 The Status of Human Rights. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Kevin W. Gray The Crossroads of Globalization, Human Rights, and Rule of Law: Proposing a New Taxonomy for the State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Karen A. O'Rourke The Special Court for Sierra Leone: A Critical Analysis of Efforts to Address Impunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Sierra Leoneans' Perceptions of the SCSL's Limited Indictment Mandate. . . . . . . . . . 000 Research Methodology, Results, and Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Education Deficiencies and Gender Inequality in Education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Charles Taylor's Trial as a Case Study of the Court's Limited Indictment Mandate. . . 000 War Victims' Experiences and Their Perceptions of the SCSL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Implications of the SCSL Relevancy Question. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Choosing Between Multiple Audiences of International Criminal Courts Choosing Goals for International Criminal Courts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Charlotte J. Hulme Thwarting Justice: How Current U. S. Policy Fails to Hold Human Rights Abusers Accountable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 U. S. Congress Acts: Opening the Courthouse Doors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Barriers to Charging Human Rights Violators Criminally: Prioritizing Deportation over Prosecution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Statute of Limitations Constraints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Recent Strides by the U. S. Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Expanded Jurisdiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Offices Dedicated to Investigating Human Rights Abusers Living in the United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Strategic Deportations/Extraditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Erin B. Corcoran From Condition to Problem: Forced Marriage in the United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Forced Marriage as Human Rights Abuse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Problem or Condition? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Rethinking Forced Marriage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Drawing Comparisons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Transforming Cultural Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Introducing New Categories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Conclusion: Forced Marriage as a Problem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Deirdre Martinez and Arielle Pardes About the Contributors and Editors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 000
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