A comprehensive challenge to prevailing understanding of international implications of oil wealth that shows why it can create bad actors In a world where oil-rich states are more likely to start war than their oil-dependent counterparts, it's surprising how little attention is still paid to these so-called petrostates. These states' wealth props up the global arms trade, provides diplomatic leverage, and allows them to support violent and nonviolent proxies. In Oil, the State, and War, Emma Ashford explores the many potential links between domestic oil production and foreign policy behavior and how oil production influences global politics. Not all petrostates have the same characteristics or capabilities. To help us conceptualize these differences, Ashford creates an original classification of three types of petrostates: oil-dependent states (those weakened by the resource curse), oil-wealthy states (those made rich by oil exports), and super-producer states (those that form the backbone of the global oil market). Through a combination of case studies and analysis, she illustrates how oil shapes petrostates' behavior, filling a major gap in our understanding of the international implications of oil wealth. Experts have too often treated oil-rich states as passive objects, subject to the energy security needs of Western importing states. Instead, this book highlights the agency and power enjoyed by petrostates. As the oil market undergoes a period of rapid change, Oil, the State, and War sheds light on the diversity of petrostates and how they shape international affairs.
Emma Ashford is a resident senior fellow at the Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security at the Atlantic Council. Her work focuses on questions of grand strategy, international security, and the future of US foreign policy. Her articles and opinion pieces have appeared in the New York Times, the Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, Foreign Policy, Foreign Affairs, Strategic Studies Quarterly, Vox, the National Interest, and War on the Rocks, among others. Ashford is a regular columnist for Foreign Policy, and a term member of the Council on Foreign Relations.
List of Illustrations Preface 1. Petrostates: A Typology 2. Applying the Typology: Petrostates at War 3. Resource Arms Racing: Oil Wealth and Military Power 4. Petroleum Proxies and Oil Altruism: The Light and Dark of Oil Wealth 5. Institutions, Intelligence, and Personalization: The Resource Curse and Foreign Policy 6. Crude Power: The Oil Weapon in Practice 7. Under the Umbrella: Soft Oil Power and Hegemonic Protection 8. Facing the Future: Peak Petrostate? Appendixes A. Methods and Measurements B. Oil and Conflict C. Military Spending and Arms Sales D. Soft Power, Sanctions, and Oil Bibliography Index About the Author
